Crops Nutrients Deficiency Symptoms
Primary Nutrients
Vital Agri Nutrients Pvt Ltd.
Nitrogen Deficiency Symptoms
Banana Crop
Adequate N produces a dark green color in leaves, caused by a high level of chlorophyll. As a mobile nutrient in plants, deficiency symptoms appear first on older leaves as light green to yellow foliage, and then develop on younger plant parts as the conditions becomes more serve. Other symptoms include: stunted, spindly plants, less tillering in small grains, low protein content ... in seed and vegetative parts, fewer leaves. Nitrogen deficient plants will mature early, with significantly reduced yield and quality.
Nitrogen is one of the primary nutrients absorbed by banana roots, preferably in the form of the nitrate ion. Typical symptoms of N deficiency include general yellowing of leaves, rose-colored tints on petioles, reduced leaf area and rate of leaf production, and fewer suckers are produced due to lack of N.
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Phosphorus Deficiency Symptoms
Banana Crop
One of the most common K deficiency symptoms is scorching or firing along leaf margins. Since K is mobile in the plant, deficiency symptoms appear on older leaves first. Potassium-deficient plants grow slowly and develop poor root systems. Stalks are weak and lodging is common. Seed and fruit are small and shriveled; crops show lower resistance to disease and moisture stress. Plants deficient in K are sensitive to disease infestation, and have poor fruit yield and quality.
The P deficiency in banana is expressed by separation of leaf sheath from the pseudostem. The separation of leaf sheath starts gradually, the leaves lose their turgidity and plant becomes short and dull. The leaf P content is less than 0.12%
Leaves of phosphorus deficient plants exhibit purple colour, especially on the underside of the leaves.
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Potassium Deficiency Symptoms
Banana Crop
The first sign of a P shortage is an overall stunted plant. Leaf shapes may be distorted and tissue may be dark green in color. With severe deficiency, dead areas may develop on leaves, fruit, and stems. Older leaves are affected before younger ones because of the redistribution of P in the plant. Some plants, such as corn, may display a purple or reddish color on the lower leaves and stems. This condition is associated with accumulation of sugars in P-deficient plants, especially during times of low temperature.
Appearance of orange yellow color spreading inwards and necrosis along margins in older leaves. Downward curling of leaves. Petiole breaks and leaf dies prematurely. Available soil K content was very low at 58 kg/ha. The values recorded for leaf K (third leaf just before flowering) was 1.8%.
Necrosis at leaf margins followed by marginal and tip drying of older leaves, which progresses towards the midrib. Soil available K was in medium category (272 kg/ha). Potassium content of the healthy leaf was 3.4% where as deficient leaf was 1.3%.
Temporary flooding in a banana plantation caused plant leaves to show the distinct marginal scorching associated with K deficiency. This extreme case was induced by a cation imbalance due to an excess Mg concentration in the flood waters.
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